The fireproof grade of phenolic foam boards should be at least B1. In building parts with higher fire protection requirements, such as high-rise buildings and crowded places, Class A non-combustible phenolic foam boards should be used as much as possible or specially treated to make their fireproof performance reach Class A.
The following are some of the main aspects:
Material performance requirements
Fireproof performance: The fireproof grade of phenolic foam boards should be at least B1. In building parts with higher fire protection requirements, such as high-rise buildings and crowded places, Class A non-combustible phenolic foam boards should be used as much as possible or specially treated to make their fireproof performance reach Class A.
Insulation performance: It is necessary to meet the heat transfer coefficient requirements for walls, roofs and other parts in the building energy-saving design standards. Its thermal conductivity should generally be lower than 0.022W/(m・K) to ensure a good insulation effect and reduce building energy consumption.
Physical and mechanical properties: It should have certain compressive strength, flexural strength, and dimensional stability to ensure that it will not be deformed or damaged due to external forces during use. For example, the compressive strength of phenolic foam boards used in the external wall insulation system is generally not less than 0.1MPa to withstand external forces such as wind loads and self-weight.
System design requirements
External wall insulation system:
Connection with the base: The phenolic foam board should be firmly connected to the base wall by adhesive or nailing. The bonding area should meet the requirements of relevant standards. The bonding area of the first-floor wall is generally required to be greater than 50%, and the bonding area of other floors is greater than 35%.
Protective layer design: Protective layers such as the plastering layer and finishing layer should be set on the outside of the phenolic foam board. The thickness of the plastering layer is generally 3-5mm. Anti-cracking mortar should be used and reinforced mesh should be laid to improve the impact resistance and weather resistance of the system. The finishing layer should be made of materials compatible with phenolic foam boards, such as paint, tiles, etc., but the tile finishing system should be specially designed and demonstrated to ensure the safety of the system.
Waterproof and breathable system: The phenolic foam board external wall insulation system should have good waterproof performance to prevent rainwater from penetrating into the insulation layer, but at the same time, the system should also have a certain degree of air permeability to avoid internal condensation and moisture. Generally, the water absorption of the plastering layer and the system with all protective layers shall not be greater than or equal to 1 kg per square meter.
Roof insulation system:
Slope and drainage: When phenolic foam board is used as roof insulation material, the roof should be set with a reasonable slope according to the design requirements to ensure that rainwater can be drained smoothly and avoid water accumulation causing moisture and damage to the insulation layer.
Insulation layer thickness: The insulation layer thickness of the phenolic foam board should be calculated and determined based on factors such as the climatic conditions of the building area, the building energy-saving standards, and the structural form of the roof. Generally, the insulation layer thickness in cold areas should be thicker than that in warm areas.
Coordination with the waterproof layer: The phenolic foam board should be laid under the waterproof layer, and an isolation layer should be set between the insulation layer and the waterproof layer to prevent moisture in the insulation layer from entering the waterproof layer and affecting the service life of the waterproof layer. At the same time, the waterproof layer should have good weather resistance and waterproof properties, such as using SBS waterproof membrane, polymer waterproof membrane, etc.
Construction quality requirements
Construction environment: The construction of phenolic foam board should be carried out after the quality acceptance of the base wall or roof base is qualified. The construction environment temperature should be above 5℃, the wind force should not exceed level 5, and construction should not be carried out on rainy and snowy days.
Board installation: During the installation process of phenolic foam board, the board joints should be tight and flat, the height difference between adjacent boards should not be greater than 1.5mm, and the board joint width should not be greater than 2mm. For the laying of insulation boards with a larger area, expansion joints should be set, and the joint width is generally 20-30mm.
Bonding and anchoring: When using adhesive to paste phenolic foam board, ensure that the adhesive is evenly applied, and there should be no missing or false adhesion. Anchoring should be carried out in time after pasting. The number and spacing of anchor bolts should meet the design requirements, and the anchor bolts should be anchored in the base wall or roof panel and should not be loose.
Protection layer construction: The surface layer should be constructed after the phenolic foam board is firmly pasted. It should be applied in layers during construction. The thickness of each layer should not exceed 2mm, and it should be compacted and smoothed. No hollowing or cracking should occur. The reinforcement mesh should be laid flat without wrinkles or exposure.
Safety and environmental protection requirements
Safety requirements: Phenolic foam board is a flammable material. Obvious fire prevention signs should be set up at the construction site. Fireworks are strictly prohibited, and sufficient fire-fighting equipment should be equipped. Construction workers should wear personal protective equipment such as safety helmets and safety belts, and take effective safety protection measures when working at heights.
Environmental protection requirements: Effective environmental protection measures should be taken during the production, transportation, storage and construction of phenolic foam boards to prevent dust, noise, waste, etc. from polluting the environment. Abandoned phenolic foam boards at the construction site should be cleaned up in time, stored in a centralized manner, and handled in accordance with environmental protection requirements.